According to the 2024 IRC, you need a permit whenever you’re planning to build, expand, alter, repair, move, demolish, or change the use of a one- or two-family home or townhouse, or if you’re adding or removing electrical, gas, mechanical, or plumbing systems. Some small construction gets a pass under Section R105.2, like fences under 7 feet, retaining walls under 4 feet, sidewalks or driveways that aren’t accessible, painting or wallpapering, small prefab pools under 24 inches deep and 5,000 gallons, playground gear, awnings sticking out less than 54 inches, and tiny accessory buildings under 200 square feet (except storm shelters).
Are you asking or telling? Permits differ from one location to another.
You say fences under 7’ are exempt, but I needed a permit to install a 6’ tall privacy fence where I live.
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A permit isn’t required for the ^^^above^^^ because, well, no one can access them to use them.
Wait… what? 
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That only applies to jurisdictions that adopt IRC or choose to enforce that section of the IRC. Some jurisdictions have no code enforcement.
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I see that you are a CPI. Good work, welcome aboard. Now, having gone to all that trouble you need to fill out your profile on this forum so we can identify your location. That will help in providing good answers to any questions you may have.
As already pointed out, code is adopted and amended by your local municipality and then becomes whatever they say it is. You will get a more definitive answer for your location if you simply call the local government. Many places have websites that tell you exactly what you need permits for in that jurisdiction. Some even have online access to permits that have been recently pulled for a certain address. This could be helpful for inspecting a flip to prevent it becoming your clients headache after purchase.
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